Wednesday, February 18, 2009

colliding submarines

So what is the actual probability of any two objects colliding at random in the Atlantic? Well it was high enough for the Titanic to come a cropper on its maiden voyage of 1912, but then again there had been warnings of large numbers of icebergs and the Titanic was steaming right through their path as they drifted down from the coast of Greenland. And, needless to say, the Titanic and the icebergs were constrained to move around on the two dimensional surface of the sea.

Now of course neither of the two crew members posted to look out for icebergs had binoculars. Similarly, nuclear subs nowadays spend a lot of time in stealth mode, which means turning off their sonar in order to be more invisible. Blind but invisible. Now take two equally blind subs and let them prowl around the bottom of the Atlantic and see what happens. By choice, they constrain themselves to the lower depths of the ocean which increases the probability of a collision. Then they have their favourite trenches to hide in and apparently use temperature gradients to help evade detection - assuming another sub has actually turned its sonar on of course!

So earlier this month it really happened. A French and British sub - both nuclear powered and loaded with nuclear weapons - went bump in the night. Imagine how that must have freaked them out! The funniest part is that in a way - assuming the crews weren't all just fast asleep at the tillers - it shows how amazingly successful both subs were being at what they were supposed to be doing.

So this has been quite the month for spectacular collisions, what with the Iridium communications satellite smashing into a defunct Russian satellite at very high speed. These satellites were in low pole-to-pole orbits. Unlike the much higher geostationary orbits above the equator, the pole-to-pole orbits look like lines of longitude and in fact the satellites crossed paths almost at right angles to each other. They were travelling about 10000 times faster than the two subs so I guess it's a good thing that - unlike the subs - they weren't armed to the teeth.

5 comments:

Brian Steele said...

If you ever see a density map of airplane traffic, you'll be astonished there aren't more collisions. Air traffic control is my vote for "Least Appreciated Vital Technology of the Week" award.

Mike said...

I am surprised there are not more collisions of stuff in space with all the stuff that is up there. I wonder how many of the satellites and spacecraft have means for control/movement if the ground based command centers notice a collision to occur?

Stephanie said...

The reason there aren't more collisions is that (a) space really is big, (b) most things up there are moving in generally the same direction (in an orbit spinning the same direction the earth's spinning) - if something was going the opposite way, more collisions and they'd be brutal what with the relative velocities and (c) to some extent, luck.

However, everytime something like this happens, it ups the likelihood of it happening again considerably. And, a 1 kg item can totally destroy a 1000 kg item if it impacts at orbital velocities. Something smaller can still disable it. And there's a LOT of smaller out there.

Who needs nuclear weapons with that kind of power?

Now, I have to go find out about the sub collision. I've been out of pocket a couple of days.

Christie Lynn said...

I can't imagine how scary it would be to be "bumped" as a nuclear sub... that's just not cool!

NewtonsOcean said...

Hi Brian

Yeah. And the stereotype is journalists being alcoholics, but I guess I'm glad it's not air traffic controllers knocking it back...

Then there are the flocks of geese forcing planes to land in the Hudson - I forgot about that collision!

Hi Mike

I think they do have little boosters. As they track more debris, presumably they will figure out adjustments but they have to really anticipate because the satellites are belting around so fast.

Hi Stephanie

I hadn't heard about the sub incident either until someone at work mentioned it and I thought he was just joking until I checked it out!

Hi Christie

Thanks for dropping by! I'm really glad I've discovered your blog BTW. Why aren't you on the front page of entrecard? Presumably because you're not an obsessive card dropper! Entrecard drives me crazy sometimes - anyway I'm glad you left a comment.